Three Essays in Applied Economics this book uncovers interesting issues of the moment by University of Rochester in date 2015 referenced for you if you want book quote . this book uncovers interesting issues of the moment composed by Umair Mustafa Khalil, Sulagna Mookerjee, with page thickness 136 Pages. you can look book detail at the bottom
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"Chapter one of this dissertation presents the first comprehensive attempt to empirically investigate the effect of illegal firearm prevalence on crime rates in the United States. Previous studies in the empirical literature have provided evidence for the existence of both positive and negative effects of firearm prevalence on crime but have focused exclusively on proxies for legal gun ownership. Most gun crime, however, is committed through illegally acquired firearms making it crucial to study their impact on crime rates but we lack any measure of for their prevalence. Using incident level crime data from the NIBRS, I create a novel proxy for illegal firearm prevalence: the number of firearms reported stolen by victims of property crimes in each police jurisdiction. I employ standard panel data methods using jurisdiction and time fixed effects, along with controlling for lagged crime aggregates. Results show that a 1% increase in stolen firearms over the last two quarters leads to a 0.047% increase in homicides by firearms, a 0.104% increase in aggravated assault involving firearms, and a 0.052% increase in firearm robberies in the current quarter. Given the lack of an exclusion restriction, I perform a battery of falsification tests but find no evidence of a spurious relationship between illegal firearms and crime rates that could potentially bias the results. Back-of-the-envelope calculations show welfare cost savings at the order of $230,000 per recovered illegal firearm for high crime cities, like Detroit. The second chapter is in the field of health economics and provides new evidence from birth certificate data (2010 - 2012), to study the impact of the Supplemental Program for Women Infants and Children (WIC) on birth outcomes. Due to the lack of an exogenous variation, the literature largely uses a selection-on-observables approach, with varying success given the limitations of existing datasets. However, the immense coverage of the birth certificate data, around 9.5 million births, and the rich detail of parental and pregnancy covariates allows the selection-on-observables method to be carried out more reliably. I use both standard propensity score matching and inverse probability weighting methods to estimate the average treatment effects on the treated (ATT). Results show minimal gains, depending on the specification used, of 7 - 16 g in mean birth weights for participants (ATT). However, estimation of quantile treatment effects show 3 - 6 times higher effects at the lower quantiles of the birth weight distribution. Similarly, I estimate a decrease of 4 in 1000 infants born with a low birth weight (
Three Essays in Applied Economics
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